The Daily Vitality Score is one formula applied the same way to every packaged food we rank. The full methodology page explains each choice in detail; here is the short version, so every scorecard below makes sense.
Everything is measured per 100 grams, not per serving. Serving sizes on chip bags happen to be 28 grams across this whole set, but per-100-gram figures let the same formula work later for cereal, crackers or soup.
The nutrient section is worth 75 points. Sodium carries the most weight, at 20 points, with full marks at 80 mg or less per 100 grams and zero at 1,600 mg or more. Calories are worth 15 points (full at 80 kcal, zero at 800 kcal). Saturated fat and added sugars are worth 10 points each (saturated fat full at 1 g and zero at 10 g; added sugars full at 3.4 g and zero at 51 g). Those end points are borrowed from the thresholds in the 2023 Nutri-Score algorithm published by Santé publique France, converted from salt to sodium; the 51-gram sugar end point is our own extension of its scale.
Fiber and protein are each worth 10 points, measured per 100 calories so a chip can't win just by being dense. Full marks come at 2.8 grams of fiber and 5 grams of protein per 100 calories. That is twice the rate built into the Daily Values in the federal nutrition labeling rule, which sets 28 grams of fiber and 50 grams of protein for a 2,000-calorie day. When a label says "less than 1 gram," we count it as half a gram.
The ingredient section is worth 25 points, and this is where chips that look alike on the panel start to separate. The first ingredient earns 10 points if it is a whole food as grown (potatoes, corn, whole grains), 5 if it is a dried or reconstituted whole food such as "dried potatoes," and zero if it is a refined flour, meal or starch. Another 10 points start full and lose 2.5 for each distinct ultra-processing marker on the label. Our marker list comes from Monteiro and colleagues' 2019 paper in Public Health Nutrition, which names ingredients such as maltodextrin, dextrose, lactose and whey protein, plus additive classes such as flavors, flavor enhancers, colors and emulsifiers. Plain salt, sugar, spices, whey and plain starch are not markers. The last 5 points reward a short list: full marks at three ingredients or fewer, zero at 20 or more.
Sodium gets the heaviest weight for a reason. According to the FDA's guidance on sodium, more than 70% of the sodium Americans eat comes from packaged and prepared foods rather than the salt shaker, and the average intake is about 3,400 mg a day against a Daily Value of 2,300 mg.
To check that the nutrient section behaves sensibly, we ranked all 16 chips by Nutri-Score too. The two rankings agree closely: a rank correlation of 0.98 for the nutrient section alone, and 0.83 for the full score. The gap between those two numbers is the ingredient list, which Nutri-Score does not look at.
This is the same kind of first-party math behind our cereal ranking, where every bowl was measured against the same yardstick.
20 "Healthy" Cereals Ranked by Fiber Per Dollar — and Sugar Per Bowl